The principle of OLED display is based on organic light-emitting diode technology, which causes luminescence through carrier injection and recombination.
The core principle of OLED (Organic Light Emitting Display) display is to use organic semiconductor materials and luminescent materials to cause luminescence through carrier injection and recombination under electric field drive. Its basic structure includes a thin and transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode with semiconductor properties connected to the positive electrode of the power, plus another metal cathode to form a sandwich-like structure. The entire structural layer includes a hole transport layer (HTL), a light-emitting layer (EL) and an electron transport layer (ETL).
During the operation of the OLED display, electrons and holes are injected from the cathode and anode into the electron and hole transport layers, respectively, and then migrate to the light-emitting layer through these transport layers. In the light-emitting layer, electrons and holes meet and form excitons, excite light-emitting molecules, and emit visible light after radiation relaxation. This luminescence phenomenon is a characteristic of current-type organic light-emitting devices, and the luminescence intensity is proportional to the injected current. Therefore, OLED displays have the advantages of high image quality, full viewing angle, high brightness, better contrast, wide color range, low power consumption, etc., and are widely used in digital display devices such as computer monitors, mobile phones, handheld game consoles, and TV screens.
In addition, the communication pins of OLED displays include two types: SPI and I2C. SPI communication is faster, but I2C communication is more popular due to the smaller number of pins. All power and communication pins are controlled by the SSD1306 driver, ensuring the efficient operation and display effect of the OLED display.